Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Curcuma Xanthorrhiza Roxb Extract Against Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia Coli

Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Rimpang Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb) terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli

Abstract

Indonesia is a country that is very rich in natural resources. Plants in Indonesia are a repository of natural compound compounds that have diverse structures and pharmacological activities. Indonesian people use plants for traditional medicine. One of the plants that have been used by the Indonesian people as an ingredient for treatment is temulawak (Curcuma xanthorizha Roxb), especially in the rhizome. Temulawak contains many secondary metabolites with various pharmacological activities such as antioxidants, anticancer and antidiabetic. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract of temulawak (C. xanthorizha Roxb) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. Temulawak dry powder was macerated using ethanol for 3 x 24 hours. Then the macerate was filtered and concentrated to obtain the ethanol extract of temulawak. Furthermore, this extract was tested for its antibacterial activity using the Kirby-Bauer Disc diffusion method using DMSO as a negative control and amoxicillin as a positive control for E. coli bacteria and chloramphenicol as a positive control for S. aureus bacteria. The result of this antibacterial activity test is that the ethanolic extract of temulawak has antibacterial activity with an average inhibition zone value of 25 mm (very strong) against S. aureus bacteria and 11 mm (moderate) against E. coli bacteria.